A Demographic Scenario of Mysore city

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Introduction
The term Demography refers to the statistical and mathematical study of human populations, concerned with the size, distribution, and composition of such populations.Therefore, the present Paper is discussing the zone wise concentration of households, total, male, female, literate, illiterate population and sex ration of the Mysore city according to 2011 census data.

Objective
The present study has aimed to analyse the current demographic scenario of Mysore city and for this purpose we selected several indicators like distribution of households, population, sex ratio etc...However, the following specific object has been framed for the study.
• To examine the spatial patterns of selected demographic indicators in Mysore City.

Methodology
The present study makes use of secondary data.The collected secondary data is through the Census of India, Mysore City Corporation, district statistical office, Journals, reports, projects, books, and others.some simple statistical techniques used like Index of Concentration, Growth rate, sex ratio, and then show the spatial distribution of selected demographic indicators of Mysore city by use of cartographic techniques like Maps, graphs and tables.Used the Arc GIS 10.3 for the preparation of maps.

Spatial patterns of selected demographic indicators in Mysore City
Some of the characteristics are frequently used for the descriptions of demography they are: Growth, distribution and density of population, age and sex composition, race, ethnicity, education, attainment, economic status, occupation, religion, caste, marital status and households.Among these the paper focuses on following indicators for the demographic study of Mysore city, such as Population Growth and Distribution, concentration of Households, Status of Education and Sex ratio.

Population Growth in Mysore city
The population of Mysore city has experienced spike in the last 5 decades with the population increasing to 8.93 lakh in 2011 from 2.54 Lakhs in 1961 (Census, 1961).As per 2011 Census Report the population of the city is 8, 93,062 of which 4, 46,676 were males and 4, 46,386 were females.The area within the city limits is about 128.42 sq km.

Zone wise Growth of population in 2011
Highest decennial population growth record in zone No.5 (Manche-gowdana Koppal, Hebbal, Lakshmikanth Nagar Hebbal, Lokanayakanagar, Kumbarakoppal and Metagalli)  Source: census of India with 187.8%.This area is a industrial zone in Mysore, therefore it provides the huge amount of the employment opportunity, as a result, the people from the surrounding area migrate to this area.Zone No.6 has registered the negative growth with -40.1 % because this is the (Medhar lock, Devaraja Mohalla , Subbarayanakere, Lashkar Mohalla, Mandi Mohalla ) CBD of the Mysore city.Most of the commercial street and centers are located here.Therefore, the land value and rent of the houses are very high; as a result, several resident houses are converted to commercial centers.

Distribution of population in 2011
The present study used the cartographic techniques like index of concentration for the study of distribution of population in Mysore city in 2011.It shown that Mysore city population was unevenly distributed, population was highly concentrated in some zones and it was opposite in other zones.The concentration of population increases with increase the distance from the CBD of centre of the city.So distance decay principle can apply to this condition.Mysore city population is highly concentrated in the Zone numbers 2, 3, 8 and 9, and it is equally distributed in zone 5 with 1.00 IOC.One of the interesting things in Zone 2 and 3 the researches and poorest peoples of Mysore city are living but the ratio of poor people is high compare to the rich.Most of the poor people are living in slums and Jnurm houses, such as Asokapuram.Vidyaranyapuram, J.P. Nagar Islam religion people are highly concentrated in zone 8 and 9. compare to the other religion people the fertility level is high in Islam religion and women work participation rate and Most of the slums and Jnurm houses and Islam religion peoples are highly concentrated here therefor compare to other zones highest number of total, male and female population are concentrated here.

Concentration of Households in Mysore in 2011
In Mysore city the concentration of households are increases from the distance from the CBD like zone 6 and it has shown in the below table and map.Some of the factors are responsible of the low concentration of households in CBD they are: CBD is a commercial center and it crowded by most of the time and causes for the congestion.It was developed many years ago.So it is very difficult to provide modern urban facilities such as widen roads, footpaths etc… Here the land value is very high as a result most of the houses are converted into commercial centers.Zone.6 is the working place for the surrounding areas peoples as a result they come and work here and go back to their home in the evening therefore the concentration of houses are very low compare to the other zone.

Education status in Mysore in 2011
The term education refers to the reading and writing ability of the population.It is also one of the basic indicators for the measurement of development of any country or region along with the health and income.Mysore city has the highest percent of the literate population compare to the district of Mysore and also other city of the state of Karnataka, but with the city zonal disparities can be observed In zone number 3 out of 9 zones like zone No7, 8, 9 have below average literate and above average illiterate population.In zone No 7, 8 and 9 most of the population comes under the Islam region.Compare to other religion this religion people give less importance to female as well as over all education.

Sex ration in Mysore city in 2011
Sex ratio refers to the proportion of female population to the 1000 male population.Mysore city has balanced between the sex ration with 999 female populations to the 1000 male population in 2011.Although within the zones to observe

Findings
The present study used the characteristics like Number of Households, Growth and Distribution, Literate & Illiterate population and Sex ratio for the descriptions of demography of Mysore city. 5. 3 out of 9 zones such as 7, 8, and 9 have below average literate and above average illiterate population.6. Highly educated and upper class people are located in zone 1, 2 and 4. Therefore above 1000 sex ratio found in these zones.

Conclusion
The Mysore city has showed the diversities in demographic characteristics.All these characteristics help us to analyze the social areas of Mysore city.Social area analysis helps to the city and town planner to maintain the balance in the development of the city and remove the imbalance in the distribution of urban amenities.

Annexure: I
Zone wise wards in Mysore city in 2011

Fig. 1 .
Fig. 1. location of the study area

Fig. 3 .
Fig. 3. Zone wise distribution of total population of mysore city, 2021

1 .
The population of Mysore city has experienced a spike in the last 5 decades with the population increasing to 8.93 lakh in 2011 from 2.54 Lakhs in 1961.2.Highest decennial population growth Record in zoneNo.5 with 187.8% and Zone No. 6 has registered the negative growth with -40.1 % because this is the CBD of the Mysore city.3. The concentrations of house holds are increases from increase the distance from the CBD like zone 6. 4. Mysore city populations are highly concentrated in the Zone number 2,3,4 and 5 because, most of the slums, Jnurm houses and Islam religion peoples are highly concentrated here therefor compare to other zones highest number of total, male and female population are concentrated here.

Table 1 .
Population of Mysuru city from 1911 to 2011

Table 2 .
Zone wise growth of Mysore city population in 2011 Source : compiled by the authors by use of secondary data

Table 3 .
Zone wise concentration of Mysore city population in 2011

Table 4 .
Concentration of house holds Source : compiled by the authors

Table 5 .
Zone wise Education status

Table 6 .
Sex ratio in Mysore city in 2011 Source : compiled by the authors