Mapping Population Literacy Rate Distribution in Mysore City

Literacy is the first step towards independence, towards freedom from social and economic limitations. It is the prerequisite for development, both individual and collective. It reduces poverty and inequality, creates wealth, and helps to eradicate problems of nutrition and public health. This study is primarily concentrating on classified number of population literacy rate distribution in Mysore city in 2011. Each ward-wise population classified by High, Medium and Low category. In this study methods are using secondary data collected from census of India and with the help of GIS software techniques used for prepared population distribution maps. The Highest Literacy rate ward in Mysore City is Thonachikoppal 89.99 and the lowest Literacy rate ward in Mysore City is Ghousia Nagar 59.82.


Introduction
The concept of literacy, that varies from country to country, generally refers to the minimum level of literacy skills.literacy is essential for eradicating poverty and mental isolation, for cultivating peaceful and friendly International relations and for permitting the free play of demographic processes (Chandna, 1980).The Distribution of population is more locational such as linear, dispersed, nucleated, agglomerated, etc. Trewartha, (1969) considers the basis of length of schooling not a valid and measurement of educational accomplishments.He also disapproves of the ability to read and write one's name in the language of his country as the criterion for defining a literate.

Study Area
Mysore officially Mysuru is a city in the southern part of the state of Karnataka, India.Mysore city is geographically located between 12 • 18 ′ 26 ′′ north latitude and 76 • 38 ′ 59 ′′ east longitude.It is located at an altitude of 740 m (2,427 ft).Mysore is located in the foothills of the Chamundi Hills about 145.2 km (90 mi) towards the southwest of Bangalore and spread across an area of 286.05 km 2 (110 sq mi).As of 2011, Mysuru city had an estimated population of 920,550 consisting of 461,042 males and 459,508 females, making it the third-most populous city in Karnataka Mysore urban agglomeration is the second largest urban agglomeration in the state and is home to 1,060,120 people, consisting of 497,132 males and 493,762 females.According to the 2011 census, Mysore was the largest non-metropolitan city in India and had the highest basic infrastructure index of 2.846.Mysore is estimated to have crossed 1 million in 2017 making it a Metropolis.The gender ratio of the city is 1000 females to every 1000 males and the population density is 6,910.5 per square kilometer (17,898/sq mi).The population exceeded 100,000 in the census of 1931 and grew by 20.5 percent in the decade 1991-2001.As of 2011, the literacy rate of the city is 86.84 percent, which is higher than the state's average of 75.6 percent.
Figure 2 shows the multiple colours of 65 wards and particular wards number of Mysore city.

Methodology
This study is primarily concentrating on Mysore city total population distribution 2011.Each ward-wise population is classified by High, Medium, and Low category.And also classified number of literacy rate distribution in Mysore city.
In this study, methods are using secondary data collected from the census of India and with the help of GIS software techniques used for prepared population distribution map, ward map, and Literacy map respectively.Figure 4 depicts the 65 wards wise Mysore city literacy rate of 2011 divide in to five categories i.e.Very High (85.4%-90%), High (82.8% -85.4%),Medium (79.3%-82.8%),Low (76.1% -79.3%) and Very Low (59.8% -76.1%).There are 13 wards are very high percentages literacy rates,13 wards are very low percentages literacy rates.Mysore City has a Literacy rate city Average of 79.29 in 2011.

Result and Discussion
In  The Highest Literacy rate ward in Mysore City is Thonachikoppal 89.99 and the lowest Literacy rate ward in Mysore City is Ghousia Nagar 59.82.The literacy rate of Mysore Agglomeration is 87.55% which is higher than the National Urban average of 85 %.The literacy rate for males and females for Mysore stood at 90.56 % and 84.53 % respectively.Total literates in Mysore UA were 784,796 of which males were 406,450 and the remaining 378,346 were females.

Conclusion
By 2011 there has been an increase in commercial and industrial activities and this has spread all over the city, mainly in the South and North-western parts of the city.This has influenced the settling of the population in the periphery.The study maps of the Literacy show that the literacy rate is also high where there has been an increase in the sex ratio/the number of females has increased.The influencing factors on population are educational institutions, industrial and commercial activities, amenities, and housing.The changes are visible in the South-North Western and South-Eastern Wards of the City.

Fig. 1 .
Fig. 1.Location map of Study area of Mysore city According to the census of 2001, 73.65% of the city population are Hindus, 21.92% are Muslims, 2.71% are Christians, 1.13% are Jains and the remainder belongs to other religions.The population exceeded 100,000 in the census of 1931 and grew by 20.5 percent in the decade 1991-2001.As of 2011, the literacy rate of the city is 86.84 percent, which is higher than the state's average of 75.6 percent.Mysore has The Biggest 'Walk-Through Aviary' called Karanji Lake in India.In 2001, total land area usage in Mysore city was 39.9% residential, 16.1% roads, 13.74% parks, and open spaces, 13.48% industrial, 8.96% public property, 3.02% commercial, 2.27% agriculture, and 2.02 water.Figure2shows the multiple colours of 65 wards and particular wards number of Mysore city.